I think King David gets a bad rap for Psalm 109. He does seem to wish evil on his enemies. Here’s a sample:
Let his children continually be vagabonds, and beg; Let them seek their bread also from their desolate places. Let the creditor seize all that he has, And let strangers plunder his labor. (Psalm 109.10, 11, NKJV)
Two observations to start: first, this command hadn’t been given yet:
Blessed are you when people insult you, persecute you and falsely say all kinds of evil against you because of me. Rejoice and be glad, because great is your reward in heaven, for in the same way they persecuted the prophets who were before you. You are the salt of the earth. But if the salt loses its saltiness, how can it be made salty again? It is no longer good for anything, except to be thrown out and trampled underfoot. (Jesus, recorded in Matthew 5.11 – 13, NIV)
Bless those who persecute you; bless and do not curse. (Paul in Romans 12.14, NIV)
Second, David is not our role model, Jesus is.
That said, I don’t think the curses of Psalm 109.6 – 19 say what they appear to say at first glance. Here’s how the psalm starts:
To the Chief Musician. A Psalm of David. Do not keep silent, O God of my praise! For the mouth of the wicked and the mouth of the deceitful Have opened against me; They have spoken against me with a lying tongue. They have also surrounded me with words of hatred, And fought against me without a cause. (Psalm 109.Introduction, 1 – 3, NKJV)
David is being accused by enemies, always referred to in the plural. “They have spoken against me…” And…
In return for my love they are my accusers, But I give myself to prayer. Thus they have rewarded me evil for good, And hatred for my love. (Psalm 109.4, 5, NKJV)
I like the way NLT begins the cursing section of Psalm 109. And notice, that the object of the curses is always in the singular. These are not David’s curses on his enemies; these are the enemies’ curses on David.
They say, “Get an evil person to turn against him. Send an accuser to bring him to trial. When his case comes up for judgment, let him be pronounced guilty. Count his prayers as sins. (Psalm 109.6, 7, NLT)
“They say” is inserted, but it’s certainly implied since, again, David refers to his enemies in the plural while the curses of verses 6 – 19 are in the singular. I think David is praying his enemies’ curses back to God.
And to be sure, he does wish his enemies’ curses to fall on his enemies:
May those curses become the LORD’s punishment for my accusers who speak evil of me. But deal well with me, O Sovereign LORD, for the sake of your own reputation! Rescue me because you are so faithful and good. (Psalm 109.20, 21, NLT)
My takeaway from Psalm 109 is that if I’m not up for blessing my enemies or rejoicing in persecution, I can follow David’s example and bring my enemies’ actions to God’s attention and pray for God’s deliverance.
Help me, O LORD my God! Oh, save me according to Your mercy, That they may know that this is Your hand— That You, LORD, have done it! Let them curse, but You bless; When they arise, let them be ashamed, But let Your servant rejoice. Let my accusers be clothed with shame, And let them cover themselves with their own disgrace as with a mantle. I will greatly praise the LORD with my mouth; Yes, I will praise Him among the multitude. For He shall stand at the right hand of the poor, To save him from those who condemn him. (Psalm 109.26 – 31, NKJV)